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I’ve been hearing about viral TikTok videos where seventh grade teachers complain that their students arrive with third grade skills. Research shows that kids are months behind where they used to be before the pandemic for their age and grade. This makes it really hard for children and teens to absorb grade-level content. They’re going to be learning less and less as they progress through school if they don’t catch up.
Tutoring is the best solution, according to researchers. But most of the evidence for using tutoring to combat pandemic learning losses was generated before the pandemic. A recent spate of studies and reports evaluates and describes the state of post-pandemic tutoring.
Here are four of my takeaways. |
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 Key Points |
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- Schools that have tried after-school tutoring are switching to tutoring during the school day in order to get more participation and better attendance.
- Hiring outside vendors or organizations to find and train tutors takes away some burdens for schools, but tutor turnover can still be high. It’s difficult to coordinate what kids are learning from their tutors with what kids are learning in class.
- The evidence for online video tutoring is inconsistent, but researchers see encouraging signs. Researchers still haven’t directly compared in-person to online tutoring.
- Researchers are seeing some initial positive results from combining tutoring with online computerized math practice. This lowers cost.
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Lit Review |
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- Kraft MA, List JA, Livingston JA, Sadoff S. Online Tutoring by College Volunteers: Experimental Evidence from a Pilot Program. American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings. 2022;112 :614-618.
- Carlana, Michela, Gaia Gaudenzi, and Eliana La Ferrara. “Italy: Tutoring Online Program (TOP): A Successful Global Experience.” Inter-American Development Bank, September 2023.
- Lin, Jionghao, et al. “Personalized Learning Squared (PLUS): Doubling Math Learning through AI-assisted Tutoring.” (2023).
- Reid, Alan J. and Ross, Steve, “Intervene K-12 Tutoring: Instructional Design Review,” (November 2023), Johns Hopkins University.
- University of Chicago Education Lab, “High-Dosage Tutoring at Scale: Evidence from a Cost-Effective, Blended-Learning Tutoring Model,” (March 2023).
- School Pulse Panel, October 2023 survey, Institute of Education Sciences.
- Davis, Rebecca, “Help Wanted: Strategies to Recruit a Tutoring Workforce on a Large Scale” (December 2023) MDRC.
- Jochim, Ashley, Eupha Jeanne Daramola, and Morgan Polikoff. “Teachers and tutors together: Reimagining literacy instruction in Oakland.” (November 2023) CRPE and ASU. December 2023 summary.
- Cortes, K., Kortecamp, K., Loeb, S, and Robinson, C. (December 2023). “Year Two Results Assessing the Effects of a Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers.” . National Student Support Accelerator.
- Cortes, K., Kortecamp, K., Loeb, S, and Robinson, C. (February 2023). A Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. National Student Support Accelerator
- Groom-Thomas, L., Leung, C.; Loeb, S. Pollard, C.; Waymack, N. & White, S. (August 2023). Challenges and Solutions: Scaling Tutoring Programs. Inter-American Development Bank.
- Guryan, J., Ludwig, J., Bhatt, M. P., Cook, P. J., Davis, J. M., Dodge, K., Farkas, G., Fryer Jr, R. G., Mayer, S., & Pollack, H. (March 2023) “Not too late: Improving academic outcomes among adolescents.” American Economic Review
- Nickow, Andre, Philip Oreopoulos, and Vincent Quan. “The Promise of Tutoring for PreK–12 Learning: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Experimental Evidence.” American Educational Research Journal (2023): 00028312231208687.
- Behrstock-Sherratt, E. (2023). New Jersey Tutoring Corps, Inc. School Year 2022 – 2023 Efficacy Report. Internal evaluation report.
- Loeb, Susanna, Sarah Novicoff, Cynthia Pollard, Carly Robinson, and Sara White. “The Effects of Virtual Tutoring on Young Readers: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial.” (October 2023). National Student Support Accelerator.
- Guryan, Jonathan, and Jens Ludwig. “Overcoming Pandemic-Induced Learning Loss.” Aspen Economic Strategy Group meeting draft. 2023.
- Bettinger, Eric, Robert W. Fairlie, Anastasia Kapuza, Elena Kardanova, Prashant Loyalka, and Andrey Zakharov. 2023. “Diminishing Marginal Returns to Computer-Assisted Learning.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 42, no. 2: 552–70.
- Bhatt, Monica, Jonathan Guryan, Salman Khan, and Michael LaForest. 2023. “Using Technology to Reduce the Cost of High Dosage Tutoring: Experimental Evidence.” Working paper
- Thomas, Danielle R., Jionghao Lin, Erin Gatz, Ashish Gurung, Shivang Gupta, Kole Norberg, Stephen E. Fancsali et al. “Improving Student Learning with Hybrid Human-AI Tutoring: A Three-Study Quasi-Experimental Investigation.” arXiv preprint arXiv:2312.11274 (2023).
- Rachel McCormick, Janey Woo, Ben Steiner, Jean Grossman, “Tutoring Lessons from New Mexico: How a Pilot Program Targeting Ninth-Graders Led to Shifting Sessions from Weekends and Evenings to Regular School Hours” (June 2023) MDRC.
- Fesler, Lily, Anna Gu, and Greg Chojnacki. “Air Tutors’ Online Tutoring: Math Knowledge Impacts and Participant Math Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (March 2023).
- Pratt, Catherine, Greg Chojnacki, and Kara Conroy. “Cignition Group Tutoring: Impacts on Students’ Math Knowledge and Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (March 2023).
- Gothro, Andrew, and Greg Chojnacki. “Blueprint Math Fellows Tutoring Program: Math Knowledge Impacts and Participant Math Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (March 2023).
- Deacon, Grady, and Greg Chojnacki. “Impacts of UPchieve On-Demand Tutoring on Students’ Math Knowledge and Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (January 2023).
- Williams, Breyon, Connor Rooney, and Greg Chojnacki. “Breakthrough Collaborative’s Tutoring Program: Math Knowledge Gains and Participant Math Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (March 2023).
- Robles, Silvia, et al. “Math Corps’ Tutoring Program: Math Knowledge Impacts and Participant Math Perceptions. Middle Years Math Grantee Report Series.” Mathematica (March 2023).
- Kate Place, Andrew Gothro, Greg Chojnacki, Kara Conroy, “Testing New Approaches to Math Tutoring: Lessons from Eight Evaluations.” Mathematica (June 2023)
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By Jill Barshay
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